In Latin America, power often wears the familiar face of the caudillo—charismatic, commanding, and contemptuous of constraint, whether on horseback then or now on your smartphone. Conquistadores, Libertadores, Dictadores—Caudillos. These words name the men who have shaped Latin American politics and history, not through committee meetings but through force, vision, and command. Men of iron …
Why Paul Gottfried’s Work on Fascism and Antifascism Deserves Attention In contemporary political discourse, the term fascism is frequently wielded as a rhetorical weapon, often detached from its historical and theoretical meaning. The word, once used to describe a specific political movement in early 20th-century Europe, has been stretched beyond recognition and applied indiscriminately to …
Spencer’s A System of Synthetic Philosophy was the primary concentration of his writing efforts starting in the 1850s. In 1858, drawing on the idea of the ‘New Reformation’ inspired by his time as an editor at the Leader, he began laying out its plan. “At the beginning of 1858, Spencer drew up a scheme for A System …
Religious Engineering and the Process Church As discussed in Part I, William Sims Bainbridge picked up the term religious engineering from the Process Church of the Final Judgment, a “Satanic cult,” as he describes it, which he studied up close between 1970 and 1976, doing fieldwork toward his eventual PhD in Sociology from Harvard. In …
Part 2: A Dialogue on Order and Justice between Aristotle and Huntington Contrasting Huntington's Political Order to Aristotle’s on regimes. Samuel P. Huntington and Aristotle provide two distinct yet insightful frameworks for understanding political systems. While Huntington’s Political Order in Changing Societies focuses on institutional strength as a determinant of political stability, Aristotle’s Politics introduces …
Fisher’s hauntology isn’t merely a theory; it’s a warning. We’re haunted by futures that never arrived, by promises that were never kept. Trump looms as a ghost in this spectral drama, but we, too, are phantoms—trapped in an endless loop of nostalgia and despair. The landscape of Twin Peaks—the bitter mist that shrouds the sycamore …
Part 2: Cultural-Linguistic Analysis, Modern Frameworks, and Conclusion Cultural-Linguistic Analysis The interpretive challenge posed by ancient Greek tragedy extends far beyond the mere translation of words and phrases. As we encounter terms like hybris, hamartia, and katharsis, we confront not just linguistic but deeply conceptual barriers rooted in a philosophical and cultural framework fundamentally foreign …
Introduction In this essay, I aim to present a comparison of Jacques Lacan’s and Julia Kristeva’s accounts of the subject’s entrance into the Symbolic order, mainly focusing on Lacan’s concept of the mirror stage and Kristeva’s distinction between the Semiotic and the Symbolic. I elaborate on the Kristevan theoretical framework, structured around her pivotal concepts …
Introduction This essay argues that while Plato’s anamnesis emphasizes transcendental, intuitive truths, and Aristotle’s reasoning prioritizes empirical observation, their integration provides a holistic understanding of knowledge that bridges the gap between subjective insight and objective reasoning. Through modern perspectives such as Kuhn’s paradigm shifts and phenomenological insights, it becomes evident that intuition and empirical observation …
Part 1: Huntington’s Framework for Political Order Samuel P. Huntington’s contributions to political science remain foundational in understanding the development and stability of political systems. His book Political Order in Changing Societies challenges the assumption that economic modernization automatically leads to stable democracies. Instead, Huntington argues that modernization can cause instability, disorder, and even political …
