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Few nations in Western Europe demonstrate with such clarity that political progressivism and civilizational continuity need not be mutually exclusive. Walk through the labyrinthine alleys of Lisbon’s Alfama during the São João festival, watch Porto’s Ribeira district come alive with the rhythms of Fado, or step into the austere halls of Alcobaça Monastery, and one …

Modernity, as it developed in the West, is largely characterized by a desacralized vision of the world and of time, which leads human beings to lose contact with the fundamental dimensions of existence, namely with the anthropological structure that, until then, had always defined man as a religious being. This rupture is not limited to …

The Failures of Earth’s Globalist-Corporate Order Kim Stanley Robinson’s Mars Trilogy stands out in science fiction for its detailed and coherent political philosophy. Unlike many novels in the genre that focus on technology or adventure, Robinson constructs a vision of society deeply concerned with political and ecological transformation. The trilogy examines the failures of Earth’s …

Max Weber's 1919 lecture Politics as a Vocation (Politik als Beruf) stands as a cornerstone of modern political sociology, dissecting the essence of political action amid the upheavals of post-World War I Germany. Delivered in Munich to aspiring politicians and intellectuals, Weber's address grapples with the disenchantment of modernity, where the rationalization of society—epitomized by …

Introduction Martin Heidegger's critique of humanism represents a notable shift from conventional philosophical approaches emphasizing human subjectivity and rationality (Hodge 1995). His opposition, grounded in the existential ontology elaborated in Being and Time and further explored in his Letter on Humanism , interrogates the foundational premises of humanistic thought (“Death and Demise in Being and …

Introduction Carl Schmitt’s friend–enemy distinction, first systematically articulated in The Concept of the Political (1927/2007), remains one of the most provocative and controversial ideas in modern political theory. Rather than locating “the political” in institutions, interests, or deliberative processes, Schmitt identifies it with an existential distinction between collective “friends” and “enemies.” This framing insists that …

In this paper, I build upon my previous analyses of Aristotle's political philosophy, particularly his exploration of civic strife and regime conflict. In my 2022 article, "Aristotle on the Politeia and Its Role in His Political Science," I examined how Aristotle's concept of the politeia, or constitution, serves as the foundational structure of a polis, …

The Human State in Martin Heidegger’s and Hannah Arendt's Phenomenology Introduction Martin Heidegger and his student Hannah Arendt, among the most influential thinkers in continental philosophy, offer profound yet contrasting philosophies on the human condition. Both are deeply rooted in the phenomenological tradition established by Edmund Husserl. Heidegger's Being and Time explores the fundamental question …